y=1-3x的图像就是和y轴相交于(0,1),与x轴相交于(1/3,0)的直线,单调区间是(-无穷大,正无穷大) y=x+3/x+1=1+2/(x+1) 可以想成2/(x+1)的图像往上移一格,单调区间是(-无穷大,1](1,正无穷大)